sideTable & weakTable 源码解析 -- 基于
总的来说:
weak_table 是 SideTable 的一个成员变量,避免直接操作 weak_table。
根据当前对象指针,做一定偏移,找到对应的数组(SideTables)索引,再根据索引取>出这个 SideTable 。
你可以理解为key是对象指针,value就是 SideTable。
也就是说,一个对象,对应一个 SideTable,一个 SideTable 对应一个 weak_table,
一个weak_table 存储一个哈希表,key:当前对象,value:weak 引用
下面的代码,都已经去掉了无关紧要的,留下的都是重点部分:
首先看一下 SideTables , 实际上内部维护了一个Map(key:指针 —— value:SideTable)
array :存储的就是SideTable 数组
indexForPointer 方法,这个方法根据实例的指针地址,返回它在 array 中的索引,从而>找到 SideTable
由此我们知道:每个实例,SideTables 都会帮这个实例存储一个SideTable
static objc::ExplicitInit<StripedMap<SideTable>> SideTablesMap;
static StripedMap<SideTable>& SideTables() {
return SideTablesMap.get();
}
StripedMap<T> is a map of [void* : T]
class StripedMap {
enum { StripeCount = 8 };
PaddedT array[StripeCount];
static unsigned int indexForPointer(const void *p) {
uintptr_t addr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(p);
return ((addr >> 4) ^ (addr >> 9)) % StripeCount;
}
public:
T& operator[] (const void *p) {
return array[indexForPointer(p)].value;
}
const T& operator[] (const void *p) const {
return const_cast<StripedMap<T>>(this)[p];
}
#if DEBUG
StripedMap() {
// Verify alignment expectations.
uintptr_t base = (uintptr_t)&array[0].value;
uintptr_t delta = (uintptr_t)&array[1].value - base;
ASSERT(delta % CacheLineSize == 0);
ASSERT(base % CacheLineSize == 0);
}
#else
constexpr StripedMap() {}
#endif
};
每个SideTable 都存储了一个 weak_table 、引用计数的map、以及lock
struct SideTable {
spinlock_t slock;
RefcountMap refcnts;
weak_table_t weak_table;
void lock() { slock.lock(); }
void unlock() { slock.unlock(); }
void forceReset() { slock.forceReset(); }
};
然后看weak_table:这是一个全局的weak 引用表。
weak_entries:存储 weak_entry_t 列表
num_entries :weak 引用的个数
mask :用来做哈希表的mask
struct weak_table_t {
weak_entry_t *weak_entries;
size_t num_entries;
uintptr_t mask;
uintptr_t max_hash_displacement;
};
weak_entry_t: 存储所有指向实例的weak引用
referent:当前实例对象指针:object point
inline_referrers: weak 变量指针(weak reference ) 集合,引用低于4个的时候,用这个结构存储
referrers:weak 变量指针(weak reference ) 集合,大于4个引用时候用这个存储这里使用了 union 来共享内存,可以节约内存的使用
当 out_of_line_ness == REFERRERS_OUT_OF_LINE 时,使用 referrers 来存储weak >变量引用
当 out_of_line_ness != REFERRERS_OUT_OF_LINE 时,使用 inline_referrers 来存>储weak 变量引用mask :一般用指针的地址 & mask 来找到对应的数组索引,而mask 一般为数组的长度
struct weak_entry_t {
DisguisedPtr<objc_object> referent;
union {
struct {
weak_referrer_t *referrers;
uintptr_t out_of_line_ness : 2;
uintptr_t num_refs : PTR_MINUS_2;
uintptr_t mask;
uintptr_t max_hash_displacement;
};
struct {
// out_of_line_ness field is low bits of inline_referrers[1]
weak_referrer_t inline_referrers[WEAK_INLINE_COUNT];
};
};
bool out_of_line() {
return (out_of_line_ness == REFERRERS_OUT_OF_LINE);
}
weak_entry_t(objc_object *newReferent, objc_object **newReferrer)
: referent(newReferent)
{
inline_referrers[0] = newReferrer;
for (int i = 1; i < WEAK_INLINE_COUNT; i++) {
inline_referrers[i] = nil;
}
}
};
storeWeak 这个方法用来存储新的指向当前实例的 weak 变量。
可以看到,先从 SideTables 拿到对应的 SideTable,
然后调用 weak_register_no_lock 把 newObj 存到了weak_table 里
static id
storeWeak(id *location, objc_object *newObj)
{
SideTable *newTable;
// Acquire locks for old and new values.
// Order by lock address to prevent lock ordering problems.
// Retry if the old value changes underneath us.
retry:
newTable = &SideTables()[newObj];
newObj = (objc_object *) weak_register_no_lock(&newTable->weak_table, (id)newObj, location, crashIfDeallocating);
// Do not set *location anywhere else. That would introduce a race.
*location = (id)newObj;
return (id)newObj;
}
weak_entry_for_referent 这个方法就不写了:实际就是找当前实例对象所属的 weak_entry_t
这个方法是遍历 weak_table->weak_entries ,然后检查 weak_entries[index].referent >== referent
如果找到了,就返回 weak_table->weak_entries[index]接下来我们看另外一个很重要的方法:append_referrer:
/**
* Registers a new (object, weak pointer) pair. Creates a new weak
* object entry if it does not exist.
*
* @param weak_table The global weak table.
* @param referent The object pointed to by the weak reference.
* @param referrer The weak pointer address.
*/
id
weak_register_no_lock(weak_table_t *weak_table, id referent_id,
id *referrer_id, bool crashIfDeallocating)
{
objc_object *referent = (objc_object *)referent_id;// 当前的实例对象指针
objc_object **referrer = (objc_object **)referrer_id;//weak 变量的指针的指针
// now remember it and where it is being stored
weak_entry_t *entry;
if ((entry = weak_entry_for_referent(weak_table, referent))) {
append_referrer(entry, referrer);
}
else {
weak_entry_t new_entry(referent, referrer);
weak_grow_maybe(weak_table);
weak_entry_insert(weak_table, &new_entry);
}
return referent_id;
}
把新的weak 变量引用,加到 entry里:
优先使用 inline_referrers 存储 weak 引用
如果inline_referrers 存储满了,则把 inline_referrers 拷贝到 referrers 里,并且以后使用 referrers 来存储,并标记:out_of_line_ness = REFERRERS_OUT_OF_LINE; 这样下次默认就使用 referrers 来存储。如果存储的引用数量超过了 3/4 ,则把 referrers 扩容 二倍,再进行存储。
存储referrers 的阶段,先把指针做一定偏移,然后 & mask,找到要存储在数组里的位置: index,
如果这个index 已经存储了值,那么再次偏移、然后 & mask ,递归来找,直到找到一个空的位置为止。
最后把 weak 引用存到这个数组的 index 位置里。当然,移除 weak 引用,和 append 引用是相似的道理,这里就不再赘述了。
static void append_referrer(weak_entry_t *entry, objc_object **new_referrer)
{
if (! entry->out_of_line()) {
// Try to insert inline.
for (size_t i = 0; i < WEAK_INLINE_COUNT; i++) {
if (entry->inline_referrers[i] == nil) {
entry->inline_referrers[i] = new_referrer;
return;
}
}
// Couldn't insert inline. Allocate out of line.
weak_referrer_t *new_referrers = (weak_referrer_t *)
calloc(WEAK_INLINE_COUNT, sizeof(weak_referrer_t));
// This constructed table is invalid, but grow_refs_and_insert
// will fix it and rehash it.
for (size_t i = 0; i < WEAK_INLINE_COUNT; i++) {
new_referrers[i] = entry->inline_referrers[i];
}
entry->referrers = new_referrers;
entry->num_refs = WEAK_INLINE_COUNT;
entry->out_of_line_ness = REFERRERS_OUT_OF_LINE;
entry->mask = WEAK_INLINE_COUNT-1;
entry->max_hash_displacement = 0;
}
if (entry->num_refs >= TABLE_SIZE(entry) * 3/4) {
return grow_refs_and_insert(entry, new_referrer);
}
size_t begin = w_hash_pointer(new_referrer) & (entry->mask);
size_t index = begin;
size_t hash_displacement = 0;
while (entry->referrers[index] != nil) {
hash_displacement++;
index = (index+1) & entry->mask;
if (index == begin) bad_weak_table(entry);
}
if (hash_displacement > entry->max_hash_displacement) {
entry->max_hash_displacement = hash_displacement;
}
weak_referrer_t &ref = entry->referrers[index];
ref = new_referrer;
entry->num_refs++;
}