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java对象映射工具--mapStruct

2020-11-24  本文已影响0人  小白菜aaa

一般工程中会同时出现DTO和Entity两种类型的对象,Entity是数据库表直接对应的实体类,和数据库交互;DTO可以分为query,resp,save等不同功能,用于和前端做数据交互使用,可以根据具体业务需要增加任意属性,字段比较灵活。两种不同java类做转换的时候选用mapStruct相比直接set值要简洁得多。

依赖导入

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mapstruct/mapstruct -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
    <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
        <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
        <version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
                <annotationProcessorPaths>
                    <path>
                        <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
                        <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
                        <version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>
                    </path>
                </annotationProcessorPaths>
                <compilerArgs>
            <compilerArg>
                -Amapstruct.suppressGeneratorTimestamp=true
            </compilerArg>
            <compilerArg>
                -Amapstruct.suppressGeneratorVersionInfoComment=true
            </compilerArg>
        </compilerArgs>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

常用注解

@Mapper 只有在接口加上这个注解, MapStruct 才会去实现该接口
    @Mapper 里有个 componentModel 属性,主要是指定实现类的类型,一般用到两个
    uses:引入class工具类,使用工具类中的类型转换方法
    default:默认,可以通过 Mappers.getMapper(Class) 方式获取实例对象
    spring:在接口的实现类上自动添加注解 @Component,可通过 @Autowired 方式注入
@Mapping:属性映射,若源对象属性与目标对象名字一致,会自动映射对应属性
    source:源属性
    target:目标属性
    dateFormat:String 到 Date 日期之间相互转换,通过 SimpleDateFormat,该值为 SimpleDateFormat              的日期格式
    ignore: 忽略这个字段
    expression:引入Java表达式,获取数据复制给target
@Mappings:配置多个@Mapping
@MappingTarget 用于更新已有对象
@InheritConfiguration 用于继承配置

Spring 注入的方式

// 默认的方式
PersonConverter INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(PersonConverter.class);

@Mapper(componentModel="spring")

基础用法

一对一转换

1.两个对象属性名相同,类型可能不同:可以直接写转换方法,不用写映射关系

@Mapper
public interface PersonConverter {
//注入spring
    PersonConverter INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(PersonConverter.class);

Dto entity2Dto(Entity entity)
}

2.两个对象字段名不同:只需要把属性名不同的字段进行映射,相同的部分不需要处理,如果有不想要映射的属性,可使用ignore

@Mapper(componentModel="spring")
public interface PersonConverter {
    //映射方法
    @Mappings({
        @Mapping(source = "birthday", target = "birth"),
        @Mapping(source = "birthday", target = "birthDateFormat", dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"),
        @Mapping(target = "birthExpressionFormat", expression = "java(org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateFormatUtils.format(person.getBirthday(),\"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss\"))"),
        @Mapping(source = "user.age", target = "age"),
        @Mapping(target = "email", ignore = true)
    })
    PersonDTO domain2dto(Person person);

    List<PersonDTO> domain2dto(List<Person> people);
}

多对一转换

转换是对应的属性,数据类型相同

@Mapper
public interface ItemConverter {
    ItemConverter INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(ItemConverter.class);

    @Mappings({
            @Mapping(source = "sku.id",target = "skuId"),
            @Mapping(source = "sku.code",target = "skuCode"),
            @Mapping(source = "sku.price",target = "skuPrice"),
            @Mapping(source = "item.id",target = "itemId"),
            @Mapping(source = "item.title",target = "itemName")
    })
    SkuDTO domain2dto(Item item, Sku sku);
}

有时候, 我们不是想返回一个新的 Bean 对象, 而是希望更新传入对象的一些属性。这个在实际的时候也会经常使用到

@Mapper
public interface AddressMapper {

    AddressMapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(AddressMapper.class);

/**
     * Person->DeliveryAddress, 缺失地址信息
     * @param person
     * @return
     */
    DeliveryAddress person2deliveryAddress(Person person);

    /**
     * 更新, 使用 Address 来补全 DeliveryAddress 信息。 注意注解 @MappingTarget
     * @param address
     * @param deliveryAddress
     */
    void updateDeliveryAddressFromAddress(Address address,
                                          @MappingTarget DeliveryAddress deliveryAddress);
}

一些好用的隐式类型转换:everything-String

@Mapper(componentModel="spring")
public interface CarMapper {
    //从int到String的转换
    @Mapping(source = "price", numberFormat = "$#.00")
    CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);

    @IterableMapping(numberFormat = "$#.00")
    List<String> prices(List<Integer> prices);
}

从BigDecimal到String的转换
@Mapping(source = "power", numberFormat = "#.##E0")
    CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);

从日期到字符串的转换
@Mapping(source = "manufacturingDate", dateFormat = "dd.MM.yyyy")
    CarDto carToCarDto(Car car);

    @IterableMapping(dateFormat = "dd.MM.yyyy")
    List<String> stringListToDateList(List<Date> dates);

嵌套bean映射

@Mapper
public interface FishTankMapper {

    @Mapping(target = "fish.kind", source = "fish.type")
    @Mapping(target = "fish.name", ignore = true)
    @Mapping(target = "ornament", source = "interior.ornament")
    @Mapping(target = "material.materialType", source = "material")
    @Mapping(target = "quality.report.organisation.name", source = "quality.report.organisationName")
    FishTankDto map( FishTank source );
}

默认值和常量的引入

分别可以通过@Mapping的defaultValue和constant属性指定,当source对象的属性值为null时,如果有指定defaultValue将注入defaultValue的设定的值。constant属性通用用于给target属性注入常量值。

@Mapper
public interface SourceTargetMapper {

    SourceTargetMapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper( SourceTargetMapper.class );

    @Mapping(target = "stringProperty", source = "stringProp", defaultValue = "undefined")
    @Mapping(target = "longProperty", source = "longProp", defaultValue = "-1")
    @Mapping(target = "stringConstant", constant = "Constant Value")
    @Mapping(target = "integerConstant", constant = "14")
    @Mapping(target = "longWrapperConstant", constant = "3001")
    @Mapping(target = "dateConstant", dateFormat = "dd-MM-yyyy", constant = "09-01-2014")
    @Mapping(target = "stringListConstants", constant = "jack-jill-tom")
    Target sourceToTarget(Source s);
}

外部转换方法的引入

转换类

@Mapper(componentModel="spring",uses = StringListMapper.class)
public interface SourceTargetMapper {
    @Mappings({
            @Mapping(source = "modifyTime",target = "modifyTime",qualifiedByName = "LocalDateTime2String)        
    })
    SkuDto entity2Dto(Entity entity);
}

引入的外部方法类

@Component
@Named(”TypeCoversionMapping”)
public class TypeCoversionMapping {
    @Named(“String2Double”)
    public Double StringentDouble (String value) {
        if(StringUtils.isBlank(value)|| value.equals(”“)){
            Return 0.0;
        }
        return new Double(value);
    }
}

结尾

本文到这里就结束了,感谢大家看到最后,记得点赞加关注哦,如有不对之处还请多多指正。

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