DispatchServlet源码分析

DispatchServlet类是spring MVC中最重要的组建之一。下面通过debug对整个处理流程有个基本的了解。

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
        HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
        boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

        WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

        try {
            ModelAndView mv = null;
            Exception dispatchException = null;

            try {
                processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
                multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

                // Determine handler for the current request.
                mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
                if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
                    noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                    return;
                }

                // Determine handler adapter for the current request.
                HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

                // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
                String method = request.getMethod();
                boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
                if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
                    long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
                    }
                    if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                        return;
                    }
                }

                if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                    return;
                }

                // Actually invoke the handler.
                mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

                if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                    return;
                }

                applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
                mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
                dispatchException = ex;
            }
            processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
        }
        catch (Error err) {
            triggerAfterCompletionWithError(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, err);
        }
        finally {
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
                if (mappedHandler != null) {
                    mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
                }
            }
            else {
                // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
                if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                    cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
                }
            }
        }
    }

获取Handler

根据Request获取Handler

// Determine handler for the current request.
                mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);

查看getHandler方法：

    /**
     * Return the HandlerExecutionChain for this request.
     * <p>Tries all handler mappings in order.
     * @param request current HTTP request
     * @return the HandlerExecutionChain, or {@code null} if no handler could be found
     */
    protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace(
                        "Testing handler map [" + hm + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
            }
            HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
            if (handler != null) {
                return handler;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

流程大概是：
遍历类的handlerMappings域，使用HandlerMapping的getHandler方法获取HandlerExecutionChain，其中HandlerExecutionChain包含了handler以及一些列的Interceptor，如果结果不为空，返回该HandlerExecutionChain。

HandlerExecutionChain

handler是Object类型，后续的文章会分析为什么是Object类型。

调用Interceptor的preHandler方法

    if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                    return;
                }

                // Actually invoke the handler.
                mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

                if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                    return;
                }

                applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
                mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);

上一篇文章介绍了Interceptor的使用，基本上是写preHandler的实现。
点开applyPostHandler方法：

    /**
     * Apply preHandle methods of registered interceptors.
     * @return {@code true} if the execution chain should proceed with the
     * next interceptor or the handler itself. Else, DispatcherServlet assumes
     * that this interceptor has already dealt with the response itself.
     */
    boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
                    triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
                    return false;
                }
                this.interceptorIndex = i;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

可见先获取HandlerExecutionChain的所有interceptor，遍历interceptor调用其preHandler方法。

调用handler方法

   // Determine handler adapter for the current request.
               HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

前面根据Object类型的handler获取了实际执行handle方法的HandlerAdapter。
获取过程如下：

    /**
     * Return the HandlerAdapter for this handler object.
     * @param handler the handler object to find an adapter for
     * @throws ServletException if no HandlerAdapter can be found for the handler. This is a fatal error.
     */
    protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
        for (HandlerAdapter ha : this.handlerAdapters) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Testing handler adapter [" + ha + "]");
            }
            if (ha.supports(handler)) {
                return ha;
            }
        }
        throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
                "]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
    }

可见也是从类的handerAdapter列表遍历，获取HanderAdapter。

调用postHandler方法

根据调用preHandler方式猜测，也是获取ExecutionChain中的interceptor列表，遍历调用postHandler方法。

    /**
     * Apply postHandle methods of registered interceptors.
     */
    void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
        HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
        if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
            for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
                interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
            }
        }
    }

postHandler方法的调用顺序与preHandler是刚好相反的，也就是如果interceoptor的preHandler方法如果是第一个执行的，那么其postHandler方法会最后一步执行。

以上就是DispatchServlet源码分析，大致清楚了处理流程。

后续文章会详细介绍HandlerApdater，HandlerMapping，HandlerExecutionChain的实现。