Ubuntu 19.10上安装Docker实战

1、卸载已安装的Docker

kevin@server:~# dpkg -l | grep docker

kevin@server:~# sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

2、安装前的准备

   A）更新 apt 包索引。

kevin@server:~# sudo apt-get -y update

   B）安装 apt 依赖包，用于通过HTTPS来获取仓库。

kevin@server:~# sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

   C）添加 GPG 密钥。

kevin@server:~# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
OK

   D）添加 Docker-ce 软件源。

kevin@server:~# sudo add-apt-repository  "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu  $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

   E）添加成功后更新软件包缓存。

kevin@server:~# sudo apt-get -y update

3、安装Docker

kevin@server:~# sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

kevin@server:~# sudo docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.8
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.12.17
 Git commit:        afacb8b7f0
 Built:             Wed Mar 11 01:25:55 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.8
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.12.17
  Git commit:       afacb8b7f0
  Built:            Wed Mar 11 01:24:26 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

kevin@server:~# sudo docker info
Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 19.03.8
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: <unknown>
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  apparmor
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 5.3.0-46-generic
 Operating System: Ubuntu 19.10
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 1
 Total Memory: 3.844GiB
 Name: Server
 ID: 3SZ6:ITPV:LA2G:B3QD:IQR3:5VMU:V3QF:DDGN:34N7:HYNX:FY4V:DENV
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

WARNING: No swap limit support

4、修改镜像源

kevin@server:~# sudo vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "registry-mirrors": [
        "https://uoggbpok.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
        "https://68rmyzg7.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
        "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
        "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
        "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
        "https://registry.docker-cn.com"
    ]
}

5、启动Docker

kevin@server:~# sudo systemctl daemon-reload

kevin@server:~# sudo systemctl start docker

kevin@server:~# sudo systemctl enable docker
Synchronizing state of docker.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable docker

6、测试Docker

kevin@server:~# sudo docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:8e3114318a995a1ee497790535e7b88365222a21771ae7e53687ad76563e8e76
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

   至此，Docker安装完成，可以开始畅游Docker了。