ORIENTING NEW MEMBERS 新会员培训

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Why Conduct an Orientation?为什么要举办培训？

People who join your club usually have a problem or a need pertaining to public speaking or leadership and are convinced that Toastmasters can help. It’s now time to begin delivering the benefits of Toastmasters membership.
加入你的俱乐部的人通常在公共演讲或领导方面有困扰或需要，并相信演讲会有所帮助。现在是时候开始传达成为Toastmasters会员的好处了。

Before new members can become integral components of your club’s membership, they must confront two types of anxiety: One is the idea of standing before an audience and presenting a speech or leading a meeting. The second anxiety is the normal human concern associated with joining any unfamiliar group and seeking acceptance.
在新会员成为贵俱乐部会员的重要组成部分之前，他们必须面对两种类型的焦虑：一种是站在观众面前发表演说或领导一场会议的想法。第二种焦虑是加入任何陌生团体后需要寻求接纳感的正常人性担忧。

New members need an opportunity to discuss their problems and needs before embarking on a self-development program. They need reassurance that they have made the right decision in joining a Toastmasters club. They need specific information about the Toastmasters program: how it works, how to get the most from it, what is expected of them, etc. Finally, they need to feel welcome and at ease—to sense that the club really cares about them and wants to help them.
在开始自我发展计划之前，新会员需要有机会讨论他们的问题和需求。他们需要确认加入演讲会俱乐部的决定是正确的。他们需要关于Toastmasters教育体系的具体信息:它是如何运作的，如何最大限度地利用它，对他们的期望是什么……等等。最后，他们需要感到受欢迎和轻松——感觉到俱乐部真的关心他们，想要帮助他们。

An orientation helps new members feel less anxious and more confident so they can solve their problems and meet their self-development needs. New members who understand the club’s purpose and structure will identify more readily with the club and its members. They will also develop a sense of pride and belonging. If they feel that the club cares about them, they will instinctively associate themselves with the club’s goals and will be less likely to leave.
入会培训帮助新成员减轻焦虑，增强自信，从而解决问题，满足自我发展的需要。了解俱乐部宗旨和结构的新会员更容易认同俱乐部及会员。他们也会产生自豪感和归属感。如果他们觉得俱乐部关心他们，他们会本能地把自己和俱乐部的目标联系在一起，就不太可能离开。

Creating a Social Contract

Whether you think of it in these terms or not, the act of someone joining your Toastmasters club implies a social contract.
不管你是否这样想，一个人加入你的演讲会俱乐部意味着一种社会契约。

When accepting a new member, your club is agreeing to provide an enjoyable environment in which the member can learn, grow, and achieve. In return, the new member is expected to behave in agreement with A Toastmaster’s Promise and Policy 3.0: Ethics and Conduct.
当接受一位新会员时，贵俱乐部就是同意提供一个让会员可以学习、成长和成就的愉快环境。作为回报，新会员必须遵守国际演讲会的承诺和政策3.0:道德和行为。

When both parties live up to this social contract, your club will have a loyal, valuable member who will obtain meaningful benefits from membership. If either party breaks the social contract, the member-club relationship will be neither satisfactory nor long-lasting.
当双方都遵守这个社会契约时，你的俱乐部就会有一个忠诚、有价值的成员，他将从会员身份中获得有意义的利益。如果任何一方违反了社会契约，会员与俱乐部的关系既不会令人满意，也不会持久。

The orientation is an excellent opportunity for both the member and the club to learn what is expected of them. A good orientation can, without mentioning it as such, establish a social contract that is firm, satisfying, and mutually beneficial.
入会培训对会员和俱乐部来说都是一个很好的机会来了解他们所期望的。一个良好的培训可以建立一个牢固的、令人满意的、互惠的社会契约。

The Orientation Interview

入会培训面谈

The recommended format for the new member orientation is a two-way interview led by the vice president education. If you wish, you may include the new member’s sponsor or mentor.
新会员培训的推荐形式是由教育副主席的双向面谈。如果你愿意，你可以包括新会员的介绍人或导师。

Here are some tips for a successful orientation interview:
下面是一些成功入会培训面谈的小贴士:

• Create a favorable climate. Don’t conduct an orientation interview during a club meeting. Instead, hold it in a quiet, pleasant place where all participants feel comfortable and at ease. The interview doesn’t have to be lengthy—15 or 20 minutes should be adequate.
  创造良好的氛围。不要在俱乐部会议期间进行入会培训面谈。相反，要在一个安静、舒适的地方举行，让所有参与者都感到舒适和放松。面谈不需要太长，15或20分钟就足够了。

• Develop a personal rapport.Take a few minutes to get acquainted. You may wish to share some of your own Toastmasters experiences with the new member and discuss how your club membership has benefited you.
  建立人际关系。花几分钟去熟悉一下。你可以与这位会员分享一些你自己在国际演讲会的经验，并讨论你的会员身份如何使你受益。

• Be attentive and show genuine interest. This is important in convincing the new member that your club cares about them and wants to help.
  关注并表现出真诚的兴趣。这对于说服新会员你的俱乐部关心他们并且想要帮助他们是很重要的。

• Be positive and enthusiastic. Enthusiasm is infectious. If you reflect confidence that Toastmasters can significantly benefit the new member, some of your confidence will rub off. The new member’s negative anxieties will be replaced by positive self-confidence.
  积极、热情。热情是会感染人的。如果你自信的认为演讲会能让新会员受益，你的一些自信就会感染其他人。新会员的消极焦虑将被积极的自信所取代。

• Be knowledgeable. Prepare yourself for the questions a new member might ask about Toastmasters or your club.
  是分享知识的。准备好新会员可能会问的关于国际演讲会或你的俱乐部的问题。

Conducting the Orientation Interview

进行入会培训面谈

There are four major steps to a successful new member orientation interview. First, you determine why the individual has joined Toastmasters and what that person seeks to gain from membership in your club. Second, you establish a social contract by discovering the member’s objectives and relating specific obligations assumed by the member and the club. Third, you explain the Toastmasters program—how it works, how meetings are run, how the club operates, and what each member’s role is. Finally, you take specific actions designed to actively involve the new member in the club’s programs and ensure that the member begins to benefit immediately.
成功的新会员入会面谈有四个主要步骤。首先，你要确定这个人加入Toastmasters的原因，以及他想从你的俱乐部获得什么。第二，通过发现会员的目标，并将会员和俱乐部承担的具体义务联系起来，你可以建立一种社会契约。第三，你解释国际演讲会的教育体系——它是如何运作的，会议是如何举行的，俱乐部是如何运作的，以及每个会员的角色是什么。最后，你要采取具体的行动计划，让新会员积极参与俱乐部的计划，并确保新会员立即开始受益。

STEP ONE: Determine the Member’s Needs

第一步：确定会员的需求

After taking a few minutes to get acquainted, focus on the reasons the new member has joined Toastmasters. The New Member Profile (Item 1162F) can be used to help collect this information.
在花几分钟的时间熟悉之后，专注于新会员加入Toastmasters的原因。可以使用新会员信息表(项目1162F)来帮助收集这些信息。

Your first task is to identify what can be called the performance discrepancy. Simply put, this is the difference between how someone would like to appear before a group of people as a speaker or leader and how that individual actually performs.This discrepancy is multifaceted—there are several areas in which improvement is warranted.
您的第一个任务是确定什么可以称为表现差距。简单地说，这就是一个人希望作为演讲者或领导者出现在一群人面前的理想状态与这个人实际表现之间的距离。这种差距是多方面的——有几个方面需要改进。

Ask these questions: 问这些问题:
What objectives do you hope to accomplish as a member of this club?作为俱乐部的一员，你希望达到什么目标?

• Are public speaking or leadership skills a requirement of your job or profession? 公众演讲或领导能力是你的工作或职业的要求吗?
• How would you describe your current skill level as a speaker or leader? 作为演讲者或领导者，你目前的技能水平如何?
• Do you have any specific fears relative to public speaking or leadership? 你对公开演讲或领导能力有什么特别的恐惧吗?
• Why did you choose to join a Toastmasters club? 你为什么选择加入演讲会?
• What can the club do to help you accomplish your goals? 俱乐部能做些什么来帮助你达成你的目标?
• Do you wish to improve your ability to . . . 您希望提升以下哪些能力…
  Persuade and convince others? 劝说和说服他人?
  Put ideas across clearly and understandably? 清晰易懂地表达自己的想法?
  Improve your self-confidence before a group of people? 在一群人面前提升自信?
  Think quickly and clearly under pressure? 在压力下能快速清晰地思考?
  Become skilled in group leadership? 成为团队领导的技能?
  Listen effectively and critically? 效地、批判性地聆听?
  Tactfully evaluate someone else’s efforts? 有技巧地评估别人的努力?
  Gracefully accept helpful criticism? 优雅地接受有益的批评?
  Other (List on New Member Profile) 其他(可查看新会员信息表)

STEP TWO: Establish the Social Contract

第二步:建立社会契约

This step involves three processes. First, you relate the new member’s performance discrepancy to participation in your club’s programs and activities. Second, you explain what the club will do to help narrow or eliminate the discrepancy. Third, you discuss what the club expects from each member.
这个步骤包括三个过程。首先，你要把新会员的表现差距与参与贵俱乐部的计划和活动联系起来。其次，你解释俱乐部将做什么来帮助缩小或消除差距。第三，你讨论俱乐部对每个会员的期望。

The first process is probably the most difficult part of the orientation interview, because you can’t prepare for it. You will essentially be reacting to what the other person has said during the first step. As you listen to the new member, ask yourself, “Is it reasonable to expect the results this person seeks? Can Toastmasters training help this individual become the speaker or leader he or she wants to be?” In most cases, the answer will be affirmative.
第一个过程可能是入会面谈中最困难的部分，因为你不能为它做准备。从本质上讲，你会对对方在第一步说的话做出反应。当你听新会员说话时，问自己：“期待这个人想要的结果合理吗?”演讲会的培训能否帮助他成为他想成为的演讲者或领导者?”在大多数情况下，答案是肯定的。

Be positive yet realistic. For example, if the new member has recently been promoted to a job that requires delivering a verbal report at the company’s weekly staff meeting and wishes to do so in a clear, concise manner, you can feel confident that Toastmasters can help meet this person’s needs. On the other hand, if the new member wants to be a well-paid performer on the speaking circuit within one year, it’s unlikely this will occur unless the individual is already a highly skilled speaker.
要积极而现实。例如，如果一个新会员最近被提升到一个职位，需要在公司的每周员工会议上发表口头报告，并且希望以一种清晰、简洁的方式来做，你可以感到自信，演讲会可以帮助满足这个人的需求。另一方面，如果一个新成员想在一年内成为演讲界的高薪演讲者，除非这个人已经是一个非常熟练的演讲者，否则这是不可能发生的。

The second process is an explanation of the club’s responsibilities in the social contract, although you shouldn’t describe it in these terms. Instead, explain that the club will help the new member achieve results by:
第二个过程是解释俱乐部在社会契约中的责任，尽管你不应该用这些术语来描述它。相反，你要向新会员解释，俱乐部会通过以下方式帮助他取得成果:

• Providing the member with opportunities to speak and lead.为会员提供发表演讲和领导的机会。
• Providing helpful, supportive evaluations.提供有益的、支持性的评价。
• Providing a positive atmosphere that builds self-confidence and helps members overcome fear and nervousness.提供积极的氛围，建立自信，帮助成员克服恐惧和紧张。
• Providing education programs that are stimulating and enjoyable.提供激励性和有趣的教育项目。
• Providing each new member with a mentor, who is an experienced Toastmaster assigned to guide the new Toastmaster through the first few assignments.为每个新会员提供一名导师，他是一位经验丰富的头马会员，被指派指导新会员完成最初的几项任务。

In the third process, you complete the social contract by explaining what the club expects from each member. Upon joining the club, members are committed to:
在第三个过程中，你通过解释俱乐部对每个会员的期望来完成社会契约。在加入俱乐部时，会员承诺:

• Attend meetings regularly and fulfill all assignments. They must notify the club in advance when they cannot attend a meeting.
  定期参加会议并完成所有任务。他们不能出席会议时，必须事先通知俱乐部。

• Work from the education program and fulfill the objectives of each project assignment. The Toastmasters education programs comprise a professionally engineered progression of learning experiences.
  根据教育项目学习和实践，完成每个项目任务的目标。演讲会的教育体系包括一个专业设计的学习经验的进展。

• Achieve education awards.The Toastmasters recognition system is the means to measure members’
  self-development success.
  达成教育奖项。国际演讲会的认可系统是衡量会员自我发展成功的手段。

• Participate in all club programs and activities. A group can be successful only when each member supports it.
  参加所有俱乐部的项目和活动。只有每个会员都支持，团队才能成功。

• Evaluate others in a positive, constructive manner. Individual improvement is achieved through the help and encouragement of other members.
  以积极、建设性的态度评价他人。个人的进步是通过帮助和鼓励其他成员达成的。

• Build open, friendly relationships with fellow members. Spirit, camaraderie, and genuine caring are the catalysts that make meetings both educational and enjoyable.
  与会员建立开放、友好的关系。精神、友情和真诚的关怀是使会议既具有教育意义又令人愉快的催化剂。

• Help bring new members into the club. It is each member’s responsibility to keep the club strong and dynamic. It is also satisfying to share the benefits of a Toastmasters membership with others.
  帮助引进新成员加入俱乐部。保持俱乐部的强大和活力是每个会员的责任。与他人分享成为国际演讲会会员的好处也是令人满意的。

STEP THREE: Explain How Toastmasters Works

第三步：解释国际演讲会如何运作

In this step, you provide the new member with the practical aspects of Toastmasters. Cover the following topics, using your own words.
在这个步骤中，你要为新会员提供Toastmasters的实用知识。用你自己的话涵盖以下话题。

• Toastmasters International—Toastmasters is a worldwide organization devoted to empowering individuals to become more effective communicators and leaders. Toastmasters was founded in 1924 by Dr. Ralph C. Smedley and is headquar�tered in Rancho Santa Margarita, California. Toastmasters offers its members a learn-by-doing workshop in which they can learn and practice skills that are directly related to success in business and other areas of life.
  国际演讲会——演讲会是一个全球性的组织，致力于使个人成为更有效的沟通者和领导者。国际演讲会于1924年由Ralph C. Smedley博士创立，总部位于加利福尼亚州的Rancho Santa Margarita。Toastmasters为其成员提供了一个“Learn by doing”的研讨会，在那里他们可以学习和实践与商业和生活其他领域的成功直接相关的技能。

• Your Club—Briefly explain how your club operates, when and where it meets, its administrative policies, dues structure, etc. Some clubs provide new members with printed handbooks and/or copies of their bylaws; if your club does, now is an appropriate time to do so.
  您的俱乐部——简要说明俱乐部如何运作、何时及地点开会、行政管理政策、会费结构等。有些俱乐部为新会员提供手册及/或章程副本；如果你的俱乐部这样做，现在是一个合适的时机。

• Meeting Assignment—Describe the various functions performed by members at each meeting: Toastmaster, Topicsmaster, General Evaluator, grammarian, etc. Explain how often members fulfill each of these functions and review the standard agenda for a club meeting.
  会议安排——描述会员在每次会议上所做的各种工作:总主持人、即兴演讲主持人、总评估员、语法师等。请说明会员完成上述每一项角色的频率，并查看俱乐部例会的标准议程。

• Club Officers—Briefly describe the duties of each club officer. Explain that members are encouraged to seek these offices, each of which offers leadership training that relates to vital management skills.
  俱乐部官员——简要描述每个俱乐部官员的职责。向会员解释，鼓励他们寻求这些官员的帮助并成为其中一员，每个官员都提供与重要管理技能相关的领导力培训。

• Evaluation—Explain the Toastmasters evaluation system: who performs evaluations, how long they are, their structure, and the elements of a good evaluation.
  评估——解释Toastmasters的评估体系：由谁进行评估，评估的时长，评估的结构，以及一个好的评估的要素。

• Involvement Opportunities—Describe the many additional opportunities available to members, including speech contest participation, district conferences, the International Convention, Speechcraft, and leadership opportunities above the club level (area director, etc.).
  参与机会——描述会员可获得的许多额外机会，包括参加演讲比赛、大区峰会、国际峰会、演讲工艺坊，以及俱乐部层级以上的领导机会(小区总监等)。

• Education Program—Describe the Toastmasters education program, reviewing the milestones and obtainable awards, and emphasizing that the awards are worthwhile self-development goals. Inform the member they will soon receive a welcome email from Toastmasters International, which contains more information on getting started.
  教育体系——描述演讲会的教育体系，查看里程碑和可获得的奖项，并强调这些奖项是值得自我发展的目标。通知会员，他们将很快收到来自Toastmasters International的欢迎电子邮件，其中包含更多关于开启的信息。

Traditional Education Program

传统的教育体系

The traditional education program is an important part of every Toastmaster’s journey and is a critical aspect of every club meeting around the world. It is based on a proven curriculum that enables you to develop your communication and leadership skills one step at a time. The program is built on four guiding principles that have been in place since Toastmasters was founded in 1924:

• Experiential Learning—we learn by doing; by giving speeches and fulfilling leadership roles, we practice and improve
• Self-paced Program—we learn best at our own pace and comfort level
• Peer Feedback—through honest and supportive peer evaluation, we grow and improve
• Mentoring—experienced members encourage, guide and support us in our goals and help us to achieve more than we thought possible

传统的教育体系是每一个演讲人旅程的重要组成部分，也是世界各地每一个俱乐部会议的重要方面。它是基于一个行之有效的课程，使你能够一步一步地发展你的沟通和领导技能。该项目建立在四个指导原则的基础上，这些原则自1924年国际演讲会成立以来就一直存在:

• 体验式学习——我们通过做来学习;通过演讲和履行领导角色，我们练习和提高

• 自我定节奏——我们在我们自己的节奏和舒适水平学习最好

• 同伴给反馈——通过诚实和支持性的同伴评价，我们成长和提高

• 导师制度——经验丰富的会员鼓励、指导和支持我们的目标，并帮助我们实现超出我们想象的目标

Toastmasters Pathways Learning Experience

国际演讲会Pathways学习体验

The Toastmasters Pathways learning experience is a self-paced program designed to help members meet their goals. The speeches you give in your club will be based on assignments in Pathways; every project assignment concludes with a speech you deliver in front of your club.
By completing projects and giving speeches, you challenge yourself to build and refine skills in different areas—communication, leadership, management, strategic planning, service to others, public speaking and more. You have the opportunity to complete projects that range in topic from persuasive speaking to motivating others to creating a podcast to leading a group in a difficult situation.
Learn more about the education programs at http://www.toastmasters.org/education.

演讲会路径学习经验是一个自我定节奏的计划，旨在帮助会员实现他们的目标。你们在俱乐部所做的演讲将基于Pathways的项目，每一个专题项目都以你在你的俱乐部发表的演讲结束。

通过完成项目和演讲，你挑战自己在不同领域建立和完善技能——沟通、领导、管理、战略规划、服务他人、公共演讲等等。你有机会完成项目，从说服性演讲到激励他人，从创建播客到在困难的情况下领导一个团队。

请登录http://www.toastmasters.org/education了解更多有关教育项目的信息。

STEP FOUR: Take Action

第四步：采取行动

• Assign an experienced club member to serve as the new member’s mentor. Arrange for the two to get together prior to the new member’s Ice Breaker speech.

• Schedule the Ice Breaker speech, and give the new member a copy of the Ice Breaker project, available at
  www.toastmasters.org/icebreaker.

• Schedule the new member’s induction ceremony and notify the club president.

• Arrange a follow-up interview after the fourth project. The purpose of the follow-up interview is to discuss the member’s progress and reaffirm their commitment to continued self-development.

• 指派一位经验丰富的会员担任新会的导师。安排两人在新成员的破冰演讲前聚在一起。

• 安排破冰演讲，并给新成员一份破冰演讲项目的副本，可在www.toastmasters.org/icebreaker获得。

• 安排新会员的入会仪式，并通知俱乐部主席。

• 安排第四个项目后的后续面谈。后续访谈的目的是讨论成员的进步，重申他们对持续自我发展的承诺。

参考资料：

1、本文手册：Orienting New Members - 1167J的2017版（英文）
2、NMO 官网介绍
3、NMO PPT模板（英文）
4、新会员信息表（英文）新会员信息表（中文）
5、破冰演讲www.toastmasters.org/icebreaker