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利用python操作小程序云数据库实现简单的增删改查!

2019-06-06  本文已影响1人  14e61d025165

不止python,你可以利用任何语言那实现通过http请求来操作你自己的小程序云数据库了

背景

也是在最近吧,小程序更新了云开发 HTTP API 文档,提供了小程序外访问云开发资源的能力,使用 HTTP API 开发者可在已有服务器上访问云资源,实现与云开发的互通。

原本云数据库还是相对封闭的,只能通过自己的小程序或者云函数来进行访问,而现在,你只要调用官方提供的接口就能实现对云函数的增删改查了。

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这里通过 python 作为演示来进行简单的测试,当然你也可以使用 java , php 等任何你熟悉的语言进行编码。

demo演示

其实实现起来还是比较简单的,通过小程序的 APPID 和 APPSECRET 来获取 ACCESS_TOKEN ,获取到调用凭证之后就可以根据文档提供的API对云数据库进行操作了。

首先我们来获取 ACCESS_TOKEN ,相关python代码如下:

<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">'''
获取小程序token
'''
def get_access_token():
url='{0}cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={1}&secret={2}'.format(WECHAT_URL,APP_ID,APP_SECRET)
response =requests.get(url)
result=response.json()
print(result)
return result['access_token']
</pre>

在云数据库中新增一个集合,代码如下:

<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">'''
新增集合
'''
def add_collection(accessToken):
url='{0}tcb/databasecollectionadd?access_token={1}'.format(WECHAT_URL,accessToken)
data={
"env":ENV,
"collection_name":TEST_COLLECTION
}
response = requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=HEADER)
print('1.新增集合:'+response.text)
</pre>

在集合中新增一笔数据,代码如下:

<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">'''
新增数据
'''
def add_data(accessToken):
url='{0}tcb/databaseadd?access_token={1}'.format(WECHAT_URL,accessToken)
query='''
db.collection("test_collection").add({
data:{
key:1,
value:"2345"
}
})
'''
data={
"env":ENV,
"query":query
}
response = requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=HEADER)
print('2.新增数据:'+response.text)
</pre>

查询某个集合中的数据,代码如下:

<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">'''
查询数据
'''
def query_data(accessToken):
url='{0}tcb/databasequery?access_token={1}'.format(WECHAT_URL,accessToken)
query='''
db.collection("test_collection").limit(10).skip(1).get()
'''
data={
"env":ENV,
"query":query
}
response = requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=HEADER)
print('3.查询数据:'+response.text)
result=response.json()
resultValue =json.loads(result['data'][0])
return resultValue['_id']
</pre>

删除该集合中的某笔数据,代码如下:

<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">'''
删除数据
'''
def delete_data(accessToken,id):
url='{0}tcb/databasedelete?access_token={1}'.format(WECHAT_URL,accessToken)
query='''db.collection("test_collection").doc("{0}").remove()'''.format(id)
data={
"env":ENV,
"query":query
}
response = requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=HEADER)
print('4.删除数据:'+response.text)
</pre>

删除云数据库中某个集合,代码如下:

<pre spellcheck="false" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px 10px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-weight: 400; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; cursor: text; counter-reset: list-1 0 list-2 0 list-3 0 list-4 0 list-5 0 list-6 0 list-7 0 list-8 0 list-9 0; background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240); border-radius: 3px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">'''
删除集合
'''
def delete_collection(accessToken):
url='{0}tcb/databasecollectiondelete?access_token={1}'.format(WECHAT_URL,accessToken)
data={
"env":ENV,
"collection_name":TEST_COLLECTION
}
response = requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=HEADER)
print('5.删除集合:'+response.text)
</pre>

是不是感觉挺简单的,就是调用相应的接口实现对云数据库相应的操作。

总结

官方开放了除小程序外访问云数据库的权限,使得每个基于云数据库的小程序不再是一座座鼓捣了。我们可以用该API去实现基于云开发的后台应用了。

就拿我的博客小程序来说,完全可以在我擅长的开发语言中找个后台模板,进行简单的二次开发,数据库使用小程序的云数据库,无缝连接我的博客小程序。

同样的,前期做的公众号文章同步的云函数,完全可以用自己擅长的语言来写了,最终保存到云数据库就可以了。

有兴趣的小伙伴可以行动起来了,利用云数据库,搭建属于你自己的小程序后台吧。

Ps.完整版demo源码可以访问我的github

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