Vue3的watchEffect实现:可以取消的慢速请求

2022-08-27  本文已影响0人  JohnYuCN
实现的效果

1. 使用DOM+Vue的原理性实现示例:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3.2.37/dist/vue.runtime.global.prod.js"></script>
</head>

<body>
    <h2>正在获取<span style="color: red;">0</span>号用户的信息</h2>
    <button>获取用户数据</button>
    <ul>

    </ul>
    <script>
        const { ref, watchEffect } = Vue;
        const id = ref(0)

        //将userInfo的内容加入到列表中
        function renderUser(userInfo,color) {
            let ul = document.querySelector("ul")
            let li = document.createElement("li");
            li.innerHTML = userInfo;
            li.style.color=color
            ul.appendChild(li)
        }
        
        watchEffect((onCleanup) => {
            document.querySelector("h2>span").innerHTML = id.value
            let controller = new AbortController()
            fetch("http://localhost:7002?id=" + id.value, { signal: controller.signal })
                .then(resp => resp.text())
                .then(userInfo => renderUser(userInfo))
                .catch(e => {
                    //如果请求被取消,则处将会有DOMException抛出,说明用户已经将请求abort掉了
                    //此时可以将被abort掉的用户id放入到列表中
                    renderUser((id.value - 1) + "已经取消!",'green')
                })
            //将“取消请求的函数”放置到待执行队列中,新的请求来临时,队列中的函数将会被执行
            //本次的abort,将会导致上一次的请求产生异常,在catch中进行处理    
            onCleanup(() => controller.abort())
        })
        let btn = document.querySelector("button")
        btn.addEventListener("click", () =>++id.value)
    </script>
</body>

</html>

2. 使用响应式+VDom的完整实现:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3.2.37/dist/vue.global.prod.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="app">
        <h2>正在获取第<span :style="{color:'red'}">{{id}}</span>号的信息</h2>
        <button @click="()=>++id">获取用户信息</button>
        <ul>
            <li v-for="u of users">{{u}}</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>
        const {ref,watchEffect,createApp} =Vue;
        createApp({
            setup(){
                const id=ref(0)
                const users=ref([])
                watchEffect((onCleanup)=>{
                    let controller=new AbortController()
                    fetch("http://localhost:7002?id="+id.value,{signal:controller.signal})
                    .then(resp=>resp.text())
                    .then(user=>users.value.push(user))
                    .catch(e=>{
                        //如果请求被取消,则处将会有DOMException抛出,说明用户已经将请求abort掉了
                        users.value.push((id.value-1)+" 已经被取消。")
                    })

                    //将“取消请求的函数”放置到待执行队列中,新的请求来临时,队列中的函数将会被执行
                    onCleanup(()=>controller.abort())
                    
                })
                return {id,users}
            }
        })
        .mount("#app")
    </script>
</body>
</html>

3. 结合axios,异步方法,自定义指令的版本:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3.2.37/dist/vue.global.prod.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios@0.27.2/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="app">
        <h2>正在获取第<span :style="{color:'red'}">{{id}}</span>号的信息</h2>
        <button @click="change">获取 {{id}} 号用户信息{{wattingInfo}}</button>
        <ul>
            <li v-tip="'green'" v-for="u of users">{{u}}</li>
        </ul>
    </div>
    <script>
        const {ref,watchEffect,createApp} =Vue;
        createApp({
            directives:{//根据列表中的文字,进行变色的自定义指令(v-tip=green)
                tip:(el,binding)=>{
                    if(el.textContent.includes('取消')){
                        el.style.color=binding.value
                    }
                }
            },
            setup(){
                const id=ref(0)
                const wattingInfo=ref("......")//按钮中的等待提示
                const users=ref([])
                //改变id的按钮事件处理
                function change(){
                    id.value++;
                    wattingInfo.value="......"
                }
                watchEffect(async (onCleanup)=>{
                    let controller=new AbortController()
                    //将“取消请求的函数”放置到待执行队列中,新的请求来临时,队列中的函数将会被执行
                    onCleanup(()=>controller.abort())
                    try{
                        let user= await axios({url:"http://localhost:7002?id="+id.value,method:"GET",signal:controller.signal})
                                    .then(resp=>resp.data)
                        users.value.push(user)
                        wattingInfo.value=""
                    }catch(e){
                        users.value.push((id.value-1)+" 已经被取消。")
                    }
                })
                return {id,users,wattingInfo,change}
            }
        })
        .mount("#app")
    </script>
</body>
</html>

4.附录: 慢速服务的egg.js实现:

'use strict';

const Controller = require('egg').Controller;
function fn(){
  return new Promise((resolv,reject)=>{
    setTimeout(()=>{
      resolv("johnyu"+Math.random())
    },2000)
  })
}
class HomeController extends Controller {
  async index() {
    const { ctx } = this;
    let id=ctx.request.query.id
    //一个延迟3秒的异步访问
    const info=await fn()
    ctx.body = "用户:"+id +"的详细信息";
  }
}

module.exports = HomeController;

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