学习Java基础知识,打通面试关~十六自定义线程池
2018-07-12 本文已影响159人
胖琪的升级之路
在上篇文章中我们了解到了Java是怎么来建立自带的线程池的,虽然Java中提供了多种线程池,但是我们还是在某些场景下需要实现自己的线程池操作。
新建立线程
在阿里的指导手册里面,也是建议自己使用该方式进行创建线程池。
新建线程池
ExecutorService service = ExecutorService service = new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 10, 0L,
TimeUnit.MINUTES, new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(), new ThreadFactory() {
@Override
public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
return null;
}
}, new RejectedExecutionHandler() {
@Override
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
}
});
- corePoolSize:核心线程数,我们可以认为是当启动后一直能长期运行的线程数量。
- maximumPoolSize : 最大线程数,线程不够时,在程序中最大的能扩展的线程数量。不同的线程池,该数值有不同的含义
- keepAliveTime与TimeUnit: 使用该参数来控制多余的线程空余的时间。
- 对列:最后就是线程池使用的队列类型了。可选的有很多种,但是必须是阻塞队列BlockingQueue。
- ThreadFactory : 创建线程的 工厂方法
- RejectedExecutionHandler :拒绝策略。拒绝策略有四种默认存在的,还有一种是可以自定义
- AbortPolicy : 该策略是线程池的默认策略,在使用该方式的时候,如果线程池队列满了,那么就会碟调新的提交任务,并且抛出RejectedExecutionException异常。
new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy();
public static class AbortPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates an {@code AbortPolicy}.
*/
public AbortPolicy() { }
/**
* Always throws RejectedExecutionException.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
* @throws RejectedExecutionException always
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
//直接抛出异常
throw new RejectedExecutionException("Task " + r.toString() +
" rejected from " +
e.toString());
}
}
- DiscardPolicy : 是AbortPolicy的slient版本,线程池队列满了,会丢掉任务,并且不会又异常抛出。
public static class DiscardPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates a {@code DiscardPolicy}.
*/
public DiscardPolicy() { }
/**
* Does nothing, which has the effect of discarding task r.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
}
}
- DiscardOldestPolicy : 丢弃最老的任务。队列满了会把最早进入的任务进行删除,在尝试进入队列。
public static class DiscardOldestPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates a {@code DiscardOldestPolicy} for the given executor.
*/
public DiscardOldestPolicy() { }
/**
* Obtains and ignores the next task that the executor
* would otherwise execute, if one is immediately available,
* and then retries execution of task r, unless the executor
* is shut down, in which case task r is instead discarded.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
if (!e.isShutdown()) {
e.getQueue().poll(); //从头部移除。
e.execute(r);
}
}
}
- CallerRunsPolicy:当添加线程池失败的时候,主线程会自己去执行该任务,不会等待线程池中的线程去执行。
public static class CallerRunsPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
/**
* Creates a {@code CallerRunsPolicy}.
*/
public CallerRunsPolicy() { }
/**
* Executes task r in the caller's thread, unless the executor
* has been shut down, in which case the task is discarded.
*
* @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
* @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
*/
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
if (!e.isShutdown()) {
r.run();
}
}
}
- 自定义线程池:写实现类实现RejectedExecutionHandler 。来实现自己的拒绝策略
public class RejectHander implements RejectedExecutionHandler{
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
//写自己的业务拒绝策略
}
}
整个线程池执行流程 。
- 任务提交 小于corePoolSize就分配线程执行。
- 大于corePoolSize 提交到等待队列
- 成功那么就等待执行。
- 失败提交线程池进行判断是否大于maximumPoolSize ,提交失败那么拒绝执行。
-
小于maximumPoolSize ,那么就分配线程进行任务的执行。
执行流程