Overview of Earth

Earth is where we all live. 

地球是我们生活的地方

It is our home in the solar system. 

There is no other place for us to live. 

Earth isn’t just any planet. 

It’s a very special place. 

它是一个特殊的地方

It’s special because we depend on it for many things. 

它的特别是因为我们有很多事情都要依赖它

Because of its importance we need to take care of it.

We depend on the earth for its air, its water and many of its natural resources. 

Natural resources, such as coal and oil, give us energy. 

Other natural resources we depend on include forests and soil. 

我们的自然资源我们依赖于

Forests provide clean air and wood for building houses. 

Soil is needed to grow plants and keep them healthy. 

We need to take care of these resources and not waste them.

The earth is a large,rotating sphere, about 4.5 billion years old.

地球是一个巨大的旋转球体，大约45亿年前。

The  equator which divides the earth into two hemispheres, is about 40,000 kilometers long.

赤道把地球分成两个半球，长约4万公里

The Earth's diameter is 12,756 kilometers.

地球的直径是12756公里

Its radius is half that, or 6,378 kilometers.

它的半径是一半，即6378公里

The radius is the distance from the Earth’s center to its surface. 

Most of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. 

The rest of the Earth’s surface is land.

Most of the Earth’s surface is covered by water. 

Natural resources, such as coal and oil, give us energy. 

Just above the Earth's surface is the atmosphere. 

The atmosphere is a layer of gases, about 500 kilometers thick. 

These gases included oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. 

This mixture of gases is the air that we breathe. 

As we move about the Earth’s surface, the air gets thinner. 

At high altitudes, the air is too thin to breathe. 

At the edge of the atmosphere is space. 

There is no air at all in space.

Water On Earth

Most of the Earth’s water is in the oceans. 

The two largest oceans are the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

Unfortunately, we can’t drink ocean water. 

This is because ocean water has too much salt. 

Fortunately, there is also water in lakes and rivers. 

This water isn’t salty, so we can drink it. 

Only about 2% of the world’s water is fresh water. 

Without fresh drinking water, we can’t live. 

A person can’t live for more than a few days without water.

Rivers are important. 

Most rivers begin in mountains and end in the oceans. 

The water flows from high ground to low ground. 

At first, rivers are small and are called creeks or streams.

As water enters from other streams, a river grows. 

Some rivers become very large and long. 

The longest river in the world is the Nile River, in Africa. 

It’s almost 6,500 kilometers long. 

As for water volume, the Amazon is the largest river. 

The volume of water flowing through it per second is more than in any other river.

Another use of rivers is for energy. 

The energy of falling water is used to produce electricity. 

This use of water supplies over 20% of the world’s electricity. 

Rivers are also important for agriculture. 

Without water, farmers cannot grow food. 

And of course rivers can be used for transportation. 

River boats are used to carry things to inland cities or lakes.

The water flows from high ground to low ground. 

Most rivers begin in mountains and end in the oceans. 

Things We Enjoy Doing

This man goes running 5 days a week if the weather is good. 如果天气好的话，这个人每周跑步5天。

On the weekends he runs 10 kilometers unless the weather is bad.周末他跑10公里，除非天气不好。

This woman really enjoys reading, especially works of fiction. 这位女士非常喜欢阅读，尤其是小说。

She has read hundreds of books.她读了数百本书

This young couple enjoys watching old movies such as Titanic. 这对年轻夫妇喜欢看像《泰坦尼克号》这样的老电影。

They both cried when it sank and many people went down with the ship.当船沉下去的时候，他们俩都哭了，许多人也跟着船沉下去了。

These young boys enjoy playing sports on the weekend. 这些小男孩喜欢在周末做运动。

Sometimes they play basketball and sometimes they play football.有时他们打篮球，有时他们踢足球

This young man eats too many sweets, so he is overweight. 这个年轻人吃了太多糖果，所以他超重了。

He needs to eat fewer sweets and exercise more.他需要少吃糖，多运动。

who cry were watching of a move?

who does unexcise enough?

who has read many books?

on the weekends he runs 10 kilometers unless the weather is bad.

She has read hundreds of books.

她读了数百本书

This man goes running 5 days a week if the weather is good. 

如果天气好的话，这个人每周跑步5天。

Continents大陆

Here are 6 of the Earth’s 7 continents. 这里是地球上7个大陆中的6个。

Asia is the largest continent, both in land and in population. 亚洲是陆地上和人口上最大的大陆。

Asia covers 30% of the Earth’s land area.亚洲占地球陆地面积的30%。

Africa is the second largest continent. 非洲是第二大大陆。

Of all the continents, Africa has the youngest population. 在所有大陆中，非洲人口最年轻。

Europe is to the west of Asia and is the second smallest continent. 欧洲在亚洲的西面，是第二小的大陆。

Europe is the birthplace of classical music and some of the world’s greatest art and literature.

欧洲是古典音乐和一些世界上最伟大的艺术和文学的诞生地。

North and South America are bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean. 南北美洲西部与太平洋接壤，东部与大西洋接壤。

The first human beings to live in the Americas came from Asia more than 15,000 years ago.

1万5千多年前，第一批生活在美洲的人来自亚洲。

Australia is the world’s smallest continent .

 澳大利亚是世界上最小的大陆。

Australia is surrounded by the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

澳大利亚被印度洋和太平洋所包围。

some of the world's greatest music and art come from Europe.    

A Driverless Car

Hey! Look at that! 嘿 看那个

Look at what? 看什么

Look out the window. 看窗外

Do you see the young lady in the red dress? 你能看见一个穿红衣服的年轻女士吗？

Yeah, I see her. 是的 我看见她了

Wow, she’s beautiful and hot.哇 她很美很热辣

 Look at the way she walks. 看她正在走路

Yes, now behind her. 是的，现在在她后面

Look at the car that’s following her.看那个车正在追随她

I’d rather look at the young lady.我宁愿看那个年轻的女士

what is he looking at?a young lady and red dress

what is his  paying the young  lady ?beautiful anf hot

So what’s the special about the car?那这辆车有什么特别之处？

Look at the driver! 

Do you see one?

No, I don’t. 

there isn’t anybody driving the car.

Right, it's one of those new driverless cars.

Maybe it’s the woman’s car. 

It’s following her.

I don’t know. Maybe you’re right.

Now that’s a smart car. 

Maybe I’ll go outside and follow her too.

Hey, get back to work!

who is driving the car?nobody

what kind of car is it?a driverless car?

it's one of those new driverless cars.

Maybe I’ll go outside and follow her too.

there isn’t anybody driving the car.

Look at the car that’s following her.

I’d rather look at the young lady.

3.2.4 Calling Customer Service

Thank you for calling our customers support. 

Please listen to the following menu to help us direct your call.

Please say or press #1 to pay your bill. 

Please say or press #2 to upgrade your service plan.

Please say or press #3 to report a technical problem.

请说出或按#3报告技术问题。

Please say or press #4 if you want to hear these choices again.

I don’t want any of these choices.

Please listen to the following menu to help us direct your call.

You may also go to our website for help.

I went to your website but it didn’t help.

 I want to speak to a human being.

Your business is very important to us.

Please say or press #5 or hang up to end this call.

None of these!

 I want a human being.

 I want to cancel my service.

wait while we connect you to a service representative.

Finally, this is what they called customer services?

The customer is frustrated because he wants to speak to a human being, not a machine.

To assist our representative, please say your first and last name.

Tom Smith.

We heard Tom Smith. 

If this is correct, say or press #1. 

If this is not correct, say or press #2.

1.

Thank you. For security purposes, what was your father's middle name?

He didn’t have a middle name.

Thank you, a customer service representative will be with you shortly.

I’m sorry but our offices are closed. 

Please call back during business hours.

Our business offices are open Monday to Friday, from 8 am until 6 pm. 

Thank you for calling.

I went to your website but it didn’t help.

Please call back during business hours.

it is going to be windy for the next few days.

her biggest  complient is the air qulity.

this tow truck is towing a car to a repair shop.

he is overweight because he eats too many sweets.

these young boys enjoy playing sports for a  weekend.

the water flows  from high ground to low ground.

it is one of  those no driveless cars.

you may also go to website for our help

looking in the car that is for following her 

3.2.2 Toilet Trouble

Hey, what’s that awful smell?

嘿，那个可怕的味道是什么？

The toilet is broken in the men’s bathroom.

Wow, I can’t work when it smells this bad. 

I need some fresh air.

我需要一些新鲜的空气

OK, let’s take a breaking and go out for a walk. 

Get your computer and we can work at a coffee shop.

Good idea. When do you think it will be cleaned up?

好主意.

A plumber is coming and he should be here soon.

By the time we get back, the smell should be gone.

That’s one job that I wouldn’t want.

 I hate to be around bad smells. 

What about you?

Me too. I wouldn’t want to be a plumber.

There are lots of jobs that I wouldn’t want.

We can talk about that later. 

Get your computer and let’s get out of here.

a broken toilet is causing the smell.

I can’t work when it smells this bad. 

He can't work because of the bad smell.

That’s one job that I wouldn’t want.

There are lots of jobs that I wouldn’t want.

Hey, what’s that awful smell?